David livingstone who is he

Africa was Plan B David Livingstone, the Scottish explorer, abolitionist and physician who is famous for being the first European to discover Victoria Falls, initially hoped to go to China as a missionary. Livingstone found the cure for malaria During his explorations, David Livingstone survived malaria, dysentery, sleeping sickness and several other diseases, even concocting a malaria cure along the way.

He travelled lightly Livingstone became great friends with local tribal chiefs, and spoke several African languages. Livingstone was a disorganised expedition leader During his Zambezi Expedition, which lasted from until in which time Lake Malawi was discovered , Livingstone was criticised by his expedition members for being secretive, self-righteous and moody. Livingstone was famous in his own time During his first visit back to the British Isles, Livingstone became a national hero.

He had one regret His penchant for exploring could not help but affect his family life. He was haunted by what he witnessed While searching for the source of the Nile, Livingstone witnessed a slave massacre at Nyangwe, where some people were killed.

Livingstone disappeared for 6 years Livingstone completely lost contact with the outside world for six years. His legacy is prolific Although Livingstone was wrong about the Nile, he discovered numerous geographical features for Western science, and his observations enabled large regions to be mapped which previously had been blank.

Livingstone inspired other explorers Though he did little traditional missionary work while he was alive, Livingstone inspired hundreds of men and women to give their lives for African missions. The river was also home to Victoria Falls, Livingstone's most awe-inspiring discovery. The scene was "so lovely," he later wrote, that it "must have been gazed upon by angels in their flight. Despite its beauty, the Zambezi was a river of human misery.

It linked the Portuguese colonies of Angola and Mozambique, the main suppliers of slaves for Brazil, who in turn sold to Cuba and the United States. Though Livingstone was partially driven by a desire to create a British colony, his primary ambition was to expose the slave trade and cut it off at the source. The strongest weapon in this task, he believed, was Christian commercial civilization. He hoped to replace the "inefficient" slave economy with a capitalist economy: buying and selling goods instead of people.

After a brief heroic return to England, Livingstone returned to Africa, this time to navigate 1, miles up the Zambezi in a brass-and-mahogany steamboat to establish a mission near Victoria Falls. The boat was state-of-the-art technology but proved too frail for the expedition. It leaked horribly after repeatedly running aground on sandbars. Livingstone pushed his men beyond human endurance. When they reached a foot waterfall, he waved his hand, as if to wish it away, and said, "That's not supposed to be there.

Two years later, the British government, which had no interest in "forcing steamers up cataracts," recalled Livingstone and his mission party. A year later, he was on his way back to Africa again, this time leading an expedition sponsored by the Royal Geographical Society and wealthy friends.

But more important to Livingstone was the possibility of proving that the Bible was true by tracing the African roots of Judaism and Christianity. For two years he simply disappeared, without a letter or scrap of information. He reported later that he had been so ill he could not even lift a pen, but he was able to read the Bible straight through four times. In , he came upon Lake Ngami and, in , the Zambezi River.

Over the years, Livingstone continued his explorations, reaching the western coastal region of Luanda in In , he came across another famous body of water, the Zambezi falls, called by native populations "Smoke That Thunders" and which Livingstone dubbed Victoria Falls, after Queen Victoria.

By , Livingstone had gone across the continent from west to east, arriving at the coastal region of Quelimane in what is present-day Mozambique. The following year, Livingstone was appointed by British authorities to lead an expedition that would navigate the Zambezi. The expedition did not fare well, with squabbling among the crew and the original boat having to be abandoned.

Other bodies of water were discovered, though Livingstone's wife, Mary, would perish from fever upon returning to Africa in Livingstone returned to England again in , speaking out against slavery, and the following year, published Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi and Its Tributaries.

In this book, Livingstone also wrote about his use of quinine as a malarial remedy and theorized about the connection between malaria and mosquitoes. Livingstone undertook another expedition to Africa, landing at Zanzibar in early and going on to find more bodies of water, with the hope of locating the source of the Nile River.

He eventually ended up in the village of Nyangwe, where he witnessed a devastating massacre where Arabic slave traders killed hundreds of people. On the second day, however, Roger Easton, an imaging scientist from the Institute of Technology who worked on that famous project, contacted Wisnicki himself. As it turned out, digital humanities was indeed the solution for transcribing the diary. And more importantly for Wisnicki, his own scholarship would never be the same. Once he embarked down that technologically enriched path, he was hooked.

Toth soon got involved, too, and began scanning the pages of the diary, looking for the precise wavelengths that would reveal the writing underneath, and several other experts based in locations ranging from Baltimore to Scotland helped with the post-imaging processing and metadata cataloguing.

The project, Toth says, was unique. After subjecting the diary to spectral imaging, the team was left with more than 3, raw images, totaling gigabytes of data.

All of this needed to be processed by imaging scientists so that the text could actually be read. Easton handled the first phase of processing, which involved a technique called principal component analysis.

PCA uses statistics to find the greatest variances between an original text and the spectral images of it. When those images are combined—from most to least variance—they can reveal details lost to the human eye.

With those images in hand, Knox was able to crack the legibility puzzle by adding a false color to the pages—light blue, the color that turned out to best mute the printed newspaper text—so that the darker written text stood out. Wisnicki opened up his email one morning to find those pages, an experience that he describes as extraordinary.

The diary begins on March 23, Forced to team up with the Arab slave traders due to his deteriorating health, Livingstone found—to his dismay—that he was actually beginning to like these men.